Participatory action research (PAR)

(main page) =Acknowledgements= Thanks the cooperation of paragogy.net & Peeragogy.org communities for helping incubate our project as we've gotten started, and thanks to everyone who has submitted seed projects to the list!

Grazie alla collaborazione di paragogy.net & Peeragogy.org comunità per averci aiutato a incubare il nostro progetto, e un grazie speciale a a tutti coloro che hanno piantato i loro seed in lista!

(PAR) Participatory action research
Participatory action research (PAR) seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and reflectively. An alternative to positivism in science, this long-standing tradition emphasizes principles of collective inquiry and experimentation grounded in experience and social history. Within a PAR process, "communities of inquiry and action evolve and address questions and issues that are significant for those who participate as co-researchers" (Reason and Bradbury, 2008, p. 1). practitioners make a concerted effort to integrate three basic aspects of their work: participation (life in society and democracy), action (engagement with experience and history), and research (soundness in thought and the growth of knowledge) (Chevalier and Buckles, 2013, ch. 1). "Action unites, organically, with research" and collective processes of self-investigation (Rahman, 2008, p. 49). The way each component is actually understood and the relative emphasis it receives varies nonetheless from one PAR theory and practice to another. This means that PAR is not a monolithic body of ideas and methods but rather a pluralistic orientation to knowledge making and social change Chambers, 2008, p. 297; see Allen, 2001; Camic and Joas, 2003; SAS2 Dialogue).



OER - Open Educational Resource

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Describing Open Access


Open access (OA) is the practice of providing unrestricted access via the Internet to peer review|peer-reviewed scholarly research. It is most commonly applied to scholarly journal articles, but it is also increasingly being provided to theses, scholarly monographs, book chapters,and entire books.